\Header{quade.test}{Quade Test}
\methalias{quade.test.default}{quade.test}
\methalias{quade.test.formula}{quade.test}
\keyword{htest}{quade.test}
\begin{Description}\relax
Performs a Quade test with unreplicated blocked data.
\end{Description}
\begin{Usage}
\begin{verbatim}
quade.test(y, ...)

## Default S3 method:
quade.test(y, groups, blocks, ...)

## S3 method for class 'formula':
quade.test(formula, data, subset, na.action, ...)
\end{verbatim}
\end{Usage}
\begin{Arguments}
\begin{ldescription}
\item[\code{y}] either a numeric vector of data values, or a data matrix.
\item[\code{groups}] a vector giving the group for the corresponding elements
of \code{y} if this is a vector;  ignored if \code{y} is a matrix.
If not a factor object, it is coerced to one.
\item[\code{blocks}] a vector giving the block for the corresponding elements
of \code{y} if this is a vector;  ignored if \code{y} is a matrix.
If not a factor object, it is coerced to one.
\item[\code{formula}] a formula of the form \code{a \textasciitilde{} b | c}, where \code{a},
\code{b} and \code{c} give the data values and corresponding groups
and blocks, respectively.
\item[\code{data}] an optional data frame containing the variables in the
model formula.
\item[\code{subset}] an optional vector specifying a subset of observations
to be used.
\item[\code{na.action}] a function which indicates what should happen when
the data contain \code{NA}s.  Defaults to
\code{getOption("na.action")}.
\item[\code{...}] further arguments to be passed to or from methods.
\end{ldescription}
\end{Arguments}
\begin{Details}\relax
\code{quade.test} can be used for analyzing unreplicated complete
block designs (i.e., there is exactly one observation in \code{y}
for each combination of levels of \code{groups} and \code{blocks})
where the normality assumption may be violated.

The null hypothesis is that apart from an effect of \code{blocks},
the location parameter of \code{y} is the same in each of the
\code{groups}.

If \code{y} is a matrix, \code{groups} and \code{blocks} are obtained
from the column and row indices, respectively.  \code{NA}'s are not
allowed in \code{groups} or \code{blocks};  if \code{y} contains
\code{NA}'s, corresponding blocks are removed.
\end{Details}
\begin{Value}
A list with class \code{"htest"} containing the following components:
\begin{ldescription}
\item[\code{statistic}] the value of Quade's F statistic.
\item[\code{parameter}] a vector with the numerator and denominator degrees 
of freedom of the approximate F distribution of the test statistic.
\item[\code{p.value}] the p-value of the test.
\item[\code{method}] the character string \code{"Quade test"}.
\item[\code{data.name}] a character string giving the names of the data.
\end{ldescription}
\end{Value}
\begin{References}\relax
D. Quade (1979),
Using weighted rankings in the analysis of complete blocks with
additive block effects.
\emph{Journal of the American Statistical Association}, \bold{74},
680--683.

William J. Conover (1999),
\emph{Practical nonparametric statistics}.
New York: John Wiley \& Sons.
Pages 373--380.
\end{References}
\begin{SeeAlso}\relax
\code{\Link{friedman.test}}.
\end{SeeAlso}
\begin{Examples}
\begin{ExampleCode}
## Conover (1999, p. 375f):
## Numbers of five brands of a new hand lotion sold in seven stores
## during one week.
y <- matrix(c( 5,  4,  7, 10, 12,
               1,  3,  1,  0,  2,
              16, 12, 22, 22, 35,
               5,  4,  3,  5,  4,
              10,  9,  7, 13, 10,
              19, 18, 28, 37, 58,
              10,  7,  6,  8,  7),
            nr = 7, byrow = TRUE,
            dimnames =
            list(Store = as.character(1:7),
                 Brand = LETTERS[1:5]))
y
quade.test(y)
\end{ExampleCode}
\end{Examples}

