InterPro Entry IPR001571

## Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor

Database | InterPro
Accession | IPR001571; Vasoactintest_receptor (matches 11 proteins)
Name | Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor
Type | Family
Dates | 08-OCT-1999 (created) 09-MAR-2000 (last modified)
Signatures | PR00491; VASOACTVEIPR (11 proteins)
Parent [tree] | IPR000832; G-protein coupled receptors family 2 (secretin-like) (388 proteins)
Children [tree] | IPR001771; Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 1 (15 proteins) IPR002284; Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2 (3 proteins) IPR002285; Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide type 1 receptor (9 proteins)
Function | vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor (GO:0004999)
Component | membrane (GO:0016020)

Abstract

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute a vast protein family that encompasses a wide range of functions (including various autocrine, paracrine and endocrine processes). They show considerable diversity at the sequence level, on the basis of which they can be separated into distinct groups. We use the term clan to describe the GPCRs, as they embrace a group of families for which there are indications of evolutionary relationship, but between which there is no statistically significant similarity in sequence [1]. The currently known clan members include the rhodopsin-like GPCRs, the secretin-like GPCRs, the cAMP receptors, the fungal mating pheromone receptors, and the metabotropic glutamate receptor family.

The secretin-like GPCRs include secretin [2], calcitonin [3], parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptides [4] and vasoactive intestinal peptide [5], all of which activate adenylyl cyclase and the phosphatidyl-inositol-calcium pathway. The amino acid sequences of the receptors contain high proportions of hydrophobic residues grouped into 7 domains, in a manner reminiscent of the rhodopsins and other receptors believed to interact with G-proteins. However, while a similar 3D framework has been proposed to account for this, there is no significant sequence identity between these families: the secretin-like receptors thus bear their own unique '7TM' signature.

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) has a wide physiological profile. In the periphery, it induces relaxation in smooth muscle; inhibits secretion in certain tissues, but stimulates secretion in others; and modulates activity of cells in the immune system [6]. In the CNS, it has a range of both excitatory and inhibitory actions. VIP receptors are distributed widely in the periphery, and occur throughout the gastrointestinal tract and genitourinary system, other smooth muscles and secretory glands. In the CNS, they are found abundantly in, e.g. the cortex, hippocampus and thalamus [6]. All VIP receptors activate adenylyl cyclase.

Examples

- P32241 VIPR_HUMAN
- P41588 VIPS_MOUSE
View examples

References

1. Attwood T.K., Findlay J.B.C.
   Fingerprinting G-protein-coupled receptors.
   Protein Eng. 7: 195-203(1994). [MEDLINE:94224751] [PUB00004961]
2. Ishihara T., Nakamura S., Kaziro Y., Takahashi T., Takahashi K., Nagata S.
   Molecular cloning and expression of a cDNA encoding the secretin receptor.
   EMBO J. 10: 1635-1641(1991). [MEDLINE:91266890] [PUB00001208]
3. Lin H.Y., Harris T.L., Flannery M.S., Aruffo A., Kaji E.H., Gorn A., Kolakowski L.F., Lodish H.F., Goldring S.R.
   Expression cloning of adenylate cyclase-coupled calcitonin receptor.
   Science 254: 1022-1024(1991). [MEDLINE:92054591] [PUB00005147]
4. Jueppner H., Abou-Samra A.-B., Freeman M., Kong X.-F., Schipani E., Richards J., Kolakowski L.F.Jr., Hock J., Potts J.T.Jr., Kronenberg H.M., Segre G.V.
   A G-protein linked receptor for parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone-related peptide.
   Science 254: 1024-1026(1991). [MEDLINE:92054592] [PUB00005148]
5. Ishihara T., Shigemoto R., Mori K., Takahashi K., Nagata S.
   Functional expression and tissue distribution of a novel receptor for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide.
   Neuron 8: 811-819(1992). [MEDLINE:92232309] [PUB00004310]
6. Watson S., Arkinstall S.
   Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide family.
   In: The G-protein Linked Receptor Factsbook. Academic Press, London, 1994, pp.278-283. [ISBN 0127384405] [PUB00005907]

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