| dbiflat

## Function

Index a flat file database

## Description

dbiflat indexes a flat file database of one or more files, and builds EMBL CD-ROM format index files. This format is used by the software on the EMBL database CD-ROM distribution and by the Staden package in addition to EMBOSS, and appears to be the most generally used and publicly available index file format for these databases.

A flat file database is a database in one of the native formats: EMBL, Swiss-Prot or GenBank, as distributed by the EBI, NCBI, or DDBJ. (It is called a 'flat' file to distinguish it from the complex relational database formats that this data is held in before being written to files and distributed.)

Having created the EMBOSS indices for this file, a database can then be defined in the file emboss.defaults as something like:

    DB emrod [
       type: N
       format: embl
       method: emblcd
       directory: /data/embl
    ]

### Fields Indexed

By default, dbiflat will index the ID name and the accession number.
If they are present in your database, you may also specify that dbiflat should index the Sequence Version and GI number, the Keywords and Taxonomy names and the words in the description by using the '-fields' qualifier with the appropriate values.

## Usage

Here is a sample session with dbiflat

    % dbiflat
    Index a flat file database
    Database name: EMBL
          EMBL : EMBL
         SWISS : Swiss-Prot, SpTrEMBL, TrEMBLnew
            GB : Genbank, DDBJ
        REFSEQ : Refseq
    Entry format [SWISS]: EMBL
    Database directory [.]: embl
    Wildcard database filename [*.dat]: rod.dat
    Release number [0.0]:
    Index date [00/00/00]:
    General log output file [outfile.dbiflat]:

Go to the output files for this example

## Command line arguments

       Standard (Mandatory) qualifiers:
      [-dbname]            string     Database name (Any string from 2 to 19
                                      characters, matching regular expression
                                      /[A-z][A-z0-9_]+/)
       -idformat           menu       [SWISS] Entry format (Values: EMBL (EMBL);
                                      SWISS (Swiss-Prot, SpTrEMBL, TrEMBLnew); GB
                                      (Genbank, DDBJ); REFSEQ (Refseq))
       -directory          directory  [.] Database directory
       -filenames          string     [*.dat] Wildcard database filename (Any
                                      string is accepted)
       -release            string     [0.0] Release number (Any string up to 9
                                      characters)
       -date               string     [00/00/00] Index date (Date string dd/mm/yy)
       -outfile            outfile    [*.dbiflat] General log output file

       Additional (Optional) qualifiers: (none)
       Advanced (Unprompted) qualifiers:
       -fields             menu       [acc] Index fields (Values: acc (acnum
                                      accession number index); sv (seqvn sequence
                                      version and gi number index); des (des
                                      description index); key (keyword keywords
                                      index); org (taxon taxonomy and organism
                                      index))
       -exclude            string     Wildcard filename(s) to exclude (Any string
                                      is accepted)
       -maxindex           integer    [0] Maximum index length (Integer 0 or more)
       -sortoptions        string     [-T . -k 1,1] Sort options, typically '-T .'
                                      to use current directory for work files and
                                      '-k 1,1' to force GNU sort to use the first
                                      field (Any string is accepted)
       -[no]systemsort     boolean    [Y] Use system sort utility
       -[no]cleanup        boolean    [Y] Clean up temporary files
       -indexoutdir        outdir     [.] Index file output directory

       Associated qualifiers:

       "-outfile" associated qualifiers
       -odirectory         string     Output directory

       General qualifiers:
       -auto               boolean    Turn off prompts
       -stdout             boolean    Write standard output
       -filter             boolean    Read standard input, write standard output
       -options            boolean    Prompt for standard and additional values
       -debug              boolean    Write debug output to program.dbg
       -verbose            boolean    Report some/full command line options
       -help               boolean    Report command line options. More
                                      information on associated and general
                                      qualifiers can be found with -help -verbose
       -warning            boolean    Report warnings
       -error              boolean    Report errors
       -fatal              boolean    Report fatal errors
       -die                boolean    Report dying program messages

Standard (Mandatory) qualifiers | Allowed values | Default
--- | --- | ---
[-dbname] (Parameter 1) | Database name | Any string from 2 to 19 characters, matching regular expression /[A-z][A-z0-9_]+/ | Required

-idformat

Entry format

EMBL | (EMBL)
SWISS | (Swiss-Prot, SpTrEMBL, TrEMBLnew)
GB | (Genbank, DDBJ)
REFSEQ | (Refseq)

SWISS

-directory | Database directory | Directory | .
-filenames | Wildcard database filename | Any string is accepted | *.dat
-release | Release number | Any string up to 9 characters | 0.0
-date | Index date | Date string dd/mm/yy | 00/00/00
-outfile | General log output file | Output file | <*>.dbiflat
Additional (Optional) qualifiers | Allowed values | Default
(none)
Advanced (Unprompted) qualifiers | Allowed values | Default

-fields

Index fields

acc | (acnum accession number index)
sv | (seqvn sequence version and gi number index)
des | (des description index)
key | (keyword keywords index)
org | (taxon taxonomy and organism index)

acc

-exclude | Wildcard filename(s) to exclude | Any string is accepted | An empty string is accepted
-maxindex | Maximum index length | Integer 0 or more | 0
-sortoptions | Sort options, typically '-T .' to use current directory for work files and '-k 1,1' to force GNU sort to use the first field | Any string is accepted | -T . -k 1,1
-[no]systemsort | Use system sort utility | Boolean value Yes/No | Yes
-[no]cleanup | Clean up temporary files | Boolean value Yes/No | Yes
-indexoutdir | Index file output directory | Output directory | .

## Input file format

'flat' files (native distribution format) of a protein or nucleic sequence database.

## Output file format

### Output files for usage example

### File: division.lkp

This file contains non-printing characters and so cannot be displayed here.

### File: entrynam.idx

This file contains non-printing characters and so cannot be displayed here.

### File: acnum.hit

This file contains non-printing characters and so cannot be displayed here.

### File: acnum.trg

This file contains non-printing characters and so cannot be displayed here.

### File: outfile.dbiflat

    ########################################
    # Program: dbiflat
    # Rundate: Sun 15 Jul 2007 12:00:00
    # Dbname: EMBL
    # Release: 0.0
    # Date: 15/07/07
    # CurrentDirectory: /homes/user/test/qa/dbiflat-ex-keep/
    # IndexDirectory: ./
    # IndexDirectoryPath: /homes/user/test/qa/dbiflat-ex-keep/
    # Maxindex: 0
    # Fields: 2
    #   Field 1: id
    #   Field 2: acc
    # Directory: /homes/user/test/embl/
    # DirectoryPath: /homes/user/test/embl/
    # Filenames: rod.dat
    # Exclude:
    # Files: 1
    #   File 1: /homes/user/test/embl/rod.dat
    ########################################
    # Commandline: dbiflat
    #    -dbname EMBL
    #    -idformat EMBL
    #    -directory ../../embl
    #    -filenames rod.dat
    ########################################

    filename: 'rod.dat'
        id: 6
       acc: 9

    Index acc: maxlen 6 items 7

    Total 1 files 6 entries (0 duplicates)

dbiflat creates four index files. All are binary but with a simple format.

- division.lkp is the master index file, and has a 300 byte header containing the database name and date plus information on the record size. This header is followed by one record for each database file, giving the full file name for the data file, and optionally a second sequence file.
- entryname.idx is the entry name index. It has the same 300 byte header, mainly used to store the record size which will depend on the size of the longest entryname in the database. Each entry is stored in sorted alphanumeric order so that a binary search can be used to efficiently find any record. The record also holds the file number from division.lkp and the offsets in the data and sequence files for that entry.
- acnum.trg holds the accession number information. The file has the usual 300 byte header, and a sorted list of record by accession number. Each accession number record contains the first record number in acnum.hit and the total number of records in acnum.hit so that secondary (duplicated) accession numbers can be searched.
- acnum.hit is a very simple file. After the usual 300 byte header, each record simply holds the record number in entryname.idx. An accession number search will use acnum.trg to find a start position and number of records to read in this file, and will then simply read the entryname.idx records for each entry in turn.

## Data files

None.

## Notes

The indexing method depends on each entry having a unique entry name. No allowance is made for two entries with the same name so it is not possible to index EMBL and EMBLNEW together.

## References

None.

## Warnings

None.

## Diagnostic Error Messages

None.

## Exit status

It exits with a status of 0 if no problems.

## Known bugs

None.

## See also

Program name | Description
--- | ---
dbiblast | Index a BLAST database
dbifasta | Database indexing for fasta file databases
dbigcg | Index a GCG formatted database
dbxfasta | Database b+tree indexing for fasta file databases
dbxflat | Database b+tree indexing for flat file databases
dbxgcg | Database b+tree indexing for GCG formatted databases

## Author(s)

Peter Rice (pmr © ebi.ac.uk)
Informatics Division, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK

## History

Completed December 1999

## Target users

This program is intended to be used by administrators responsible for software and database installation and maintenance.

## Comments

None