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<!ENTITY legal SYSTEM "legal.xml">
<!ENTITY appversion "5.5.37">
<!ENTITY manrevision "2.9">
<!ENTITY date "March 2005">
<!ENTITY app "<application>gcalctool</application>">
<!ENTITY appname "Calculator">
]>
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  <articleinfo> 
    <title>Руководство по <application>gcalctool</application></title>       

    <abstract role="description">
      <para>gcalctool - это калькулятор для среды GNOME. Он включает простой, расширенный, финансовый и научный режимы и использует библиотеку вычислений с произвольной точностью для арифметических операций.</para>
    </abstract>

    <copyright> 
      <year>2003</year> 
      <year>2004</year> 
      <year>2005</year> 	
      <holder>Sun Microsystems</holder> 
    </copyright><copyright><year>2008</year><holder>Yuriy Penkin (yuriy.penkin@gmail.com)</holder></copyright> 
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   <year>2003</year>
   <holder>ME-THE-TRANSLATOR (Latin translation)</holder>
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    <publisher role="maintainer"> 
      <publishername>Проект документирования GNOME</publishername> 
    </publisher> 

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	  distributed with this manual.
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         <para> This manual is part of a collection of GNOME manuals
          distributed under the GFDL.  If you want to distribute this
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    <authorgroup> 
      <corpauthor> Sun Microsystems Inc.</corpauthor>

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    <revhistory>
    <revision> 
		<revnumber>Руководство по калькулятору, версия 2.9</revnumber> 
		<date>Март 2005</date> 
		<revdescription> 
	  		<para role="author">Sun Java Desktop System Documentation Team
	  		</para>
	  		<para role="publisher">Проект документирования GNOME</para>
		</revdescription> 
      </revision> 
      <revision> 
		<revnumber>Руководство по калькулятору, версия 2.8</revnumber> 
		<date>Август 2004</date> 
		<revdescription> 
	  		<para role="author">Sun Java Desktop System Documentation Team
	  		</para>
	  		<para role="publisher">Проект документирования GNOME</para>
		</revdescription> 
      </revision> 
      <revision> 
		<revnumber>Руководство по калькулятору. Версия 2.7</revnumber> 
		<date>Февраль 2004</date> 
		<revdescription> 
	  		<para role="author">Команда документирования GNOME фирмы Sun</para>
	  		<para role="publisher">Проект документирования GNOME</para>
		</revdescription> 
      </revision> 
      <revision> 
		<revnumber>Руководство по калькулятору. Версия 2.6</revnumber> 
		<date>Октябрь 2003</date> 
		<revdescription> 
	  		<para role="author">Команда документирования GNOME фирмы Sun</para>
	  		<para role="publisher">Проект документирования GNOME</para>
		</revdescription> 
      </revision> 
      <revision> 
		<revnumber>Руководство по калькулятору. Версия 2.5</revnumber> 
		<date>Июль 2003</date> 
		<revdescription> 
	  		<para role="author">Команда документирования GNOME фирмы Sun</para>
	  		<para role="publisher">Проект документирования GNOME</para>
		</revdescription> 
      </revision> 
      <revision> 
		<revnumber>Руководство по калькулятору. Версия 2.4</revnumber> 
		<date>Июнь 2003</date> 
		<revdescription> 
	  		<para role="author">Команда документирования GNOME фирмы Sun</para>
	  		<para role="publisher">Проект документирования GNOME</para>
		</revdescription> 
      </revision> 
      <revision> 
		<revnumber>Руководство по калькулятору. Версия 2.3</revnumber> 
		<date>Апрель 2003</date> 
		<revdescription> 
	  		<para role="author">Команда документирования GNOME фирмы Sun</para>
	  		<para role="publisher">Проект документирования GNOME</para>
		</revdescription> 
      </revision> 
      <revision> 
		<revnumber>Руководство по калькулятору. Версия 2.2</revnumber> 
		<date>Апрель 2003</date> 
		<revdescription> 
	  		<para role="author">Команда документирования GNOME фирмы Sun</para>
	  		<para role="publisher">Проект документирования GNOME</para>
		</revdescription> 
      </revision> 
      <revision> 
		<revnumber>Руководство по калькулятору. Версия 2.1</revnumber> 
		<date>Март 2003</date> 
		<revdescription> 
	  		<para role="author">Команда документирования GNOME фирмы Sun</para>
	  		<para role="publisher">Проект документирования GNOME</para>
		</revdescription> 
      </revision> 
      <revision> 
		<revnumber>Руководство по калькулятору. Версия 2.0</revnumber> 
		<date>Март 2003</date> 
		<revdescription> 
	  		<para role="author">Команда документирования GNOME фирмы Sun</para>
	  		<para role="publisher">Проект документирования GNOME</para>
		</revdescription> 
      </revision> 
    </revhistory> 

    <releaseinfo>Это руководство описывает калькулятор версии 5.5.37</releaseinfo> 
    <legalnotice> 
      <title>Обратная связь</title> 
      <para>Для того, чтобы сообщить об ошибке или сделать предложение относительно приложения <application>gcalctool</application> или этого руководства, следуйте инструкциям <ulink url="ghelp:gnome-feedback" type="help">страницы обратной связи GNOME</ulink>.</para>
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    </legalnotice> 
  </articleinfo> 

  <indexterm zone="index"> 
    <primary>gcalctool</primary> 
  </indexterm> 
  <indexterm zone="index"> 
    <primary>Калькулятор</primary> 
  </indexterm>

<!-- ============= Document Body ============================= -->
<!-- ============= Introduction ============================== -->
  <sect1 id="gcalctool-intro"> 
    <title>Введение</title> 
    <para>Приложение <application>gcalctool</application> предоставляет следующие режимы для разных видов вычислений:</para>
     <variablelist>
        <varlistentry>
        <term><link linkend="gcalctool-basic-mode">Простой</link></term>
        <listitem><para>Этот режим установлен по умолчанию.  Он реализует стандартные функции калькулятора. В этом режиме вы можете выполнять сложение, вычитание, деление и умножение. Все функции простого режима доступны в любом другом режиме калькулятора.</para></listitem>
        </varlistentry>
  <varlistentry>
        <term><link linkend="gcalctool-advanced-mode">Расширенный</link></term>
        <listitem><para>Содержит расширенные функции калькулятора. Вы можете сохранять числа в 10 различных ячейках памяти, легко получать и изменять их. Все функции расширенного режима доступны в научном и финансовом режимах.</para></listitem>
        </varlistentry>
        <varlistentry>
        <term><link linkend="gcalctool-financial-mode">Финансовый</link></term>
        <listitem><para>Предоставляет некоторые финансовые функции.</para></listitem>
        </varlistentry>
        <varlistentry>
        <term><link linkend="gcalctool-scientific-mode">Научный</link></term>
        <listitem><para>Содержит множество дополнительных математических функций, включая тригонометрические и функции для работы с разрядами. Вы также можете сохранять собственные функции и константы в этом режиме.</para></listitem>
        </varlistentry>
     </variablelist>

    <para>Вы можете использовать <application>gcalctool</application> в следующих системах счисления:</para>
      <informaltable frame="all">
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
          <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
          <colspec colname="COLSPEC1" colwidth="50*"/>
          <thead>
            <row valign="top">
              <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                <para>Система счисления</para></entry>
              <entry colname="COLSPEC1" align="right">
                <para>Основание</para></entry>
            </row>
          </thead> 
          <tbody> 
            <row valign="top">
              <entry><para>Двоичная</para></entry>
              <entry align="right"><para>2</para></entry>
            </row>
            <row valign="top">
              <entry><para>Восьмеричная</para></entry>
              <entry align="right"><para>8</para></entry>
            </row>
            <row valign="top">
              <entry><para>Десятичная</para></entry>
              <entry align="right"><para>10</para></entry>
            </row>
            <row valign="top">
              <entry><para>Шестнадцатеричная</para></entry>
              <entry align="right"><para>16</para></entry>
            </row>
          </tbody> 
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
                           
  </sect1>

<!-- =========== Getting Started ============================== -->

  <sect1 id="gcalctool-get-start"> 
    <title>Приступая к работе</title> 
    <para>Вы можете запустить <application>gcalctool</application> следующими способами:</para>
    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>Меню</term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Выберите <menuchoice><guimenu>Стандартные</guimenu><guimenuitem>Калькулятор</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>Командная строка</term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Выполните следующую команду: <userinput>gnome-calculator</userinput></para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>
    <para>Когда вы запустите <application>gcalctool</application>, отобразится следующее окно</para>

    <!-- ==== Figure ==== -->
      <figure id="gcalctool-FIG-basic"> 
	<title>Окно простого режима <application>gcalctool</application></title> 
	<screenshot> 
	  <mediaobject> 
	    <imageobject><imagedata fileref="figures/gcalctool_basic_window.png" format="PNG"/> 
	    </imageobject>
	    <textobject> 
	      <phrase>Shows <application>gcalctool</application> Basic mode window.  </phrase> 
	    </textobject> 
	  </mediaobject> 
	</screenshot> 
      </figure>
    <!-- ==== End of Figure ==== -->
                <para>Окно <application><application>gcalctool</application></application> состоит из следующих областей:</para>
                <variablelist>
                  <varlistentry> <term>Меню</term>
                         <listitem>
                                <para>The menus on the menubar contain all of the commands that you need to work with <application><application>gcalctool</application></application>.</para>
                         </listitem>
                  </varlistentry>
                  <varlistentry> <term>Display area</term>
                         <listitem>
                                <para>The display area shows the numbers that you enter, and the results of calculations. If you are not using arithmetic precedence, you can only enter numbers of up to forty digits.  </para>
                         </listitem>
                  </varlistentry>
                  <varlistentry> <term>Mode area</term>
                         <listitem>
                                <para>The mode area displays the buttons for the current mode. The Basic mode buttons are always displayed. Advanced mode buttons are also available in Financial and Scientific modes.  </para>
                         </listitem>
                  </varlistentry>
                  <varlistentry> <term>Всплывающее меню</term>
                         <listitem>
                <para>The <inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="figures/gcalctool_menu_symbol.png" format="PNG"/></imageobject><textobject><phrase>Shows popup-menu symbol.</phrase></textobject></inlinemediaobject> symbol on a <application>gcalctool</application> button indicates that a popup menu is displayed when you click on that button.</para>
                         </listitem>
                  </varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
	 <term>Строка состояния</term>
                         <listitem>
                                <para>Строка состояния содержит различные сообщения о состоянии приложения.</para>
                         </listitem>
                  </varlistentry>
                </variablelist>
  </sect1>
<!-- ================ Usage ================================ -->
  <sect1 id="gcalctool-usage"> 
    <title>Использование</title> 

    <!-- ================ Usage Subsection ================================ -->
    <sect2 id="gcalctool-calc-functions">
                <title>Для использования функций</title> 
                <para>Для выполнения вычислений используйте один из следующих методов:</para>
                <itemizedlist>
                  <listitem>
                         <para>Щёлкая на кнопки <application>gcalctool</application> для ввода чисел и функций.</para>
                  </listitem>
                  <listitem>
                         <para>Give focus to the <application>gcalctool</application> window, then use the keyboard or numeric keypad to specify the calculation that you want to perform. For a complete list of keyboard shortcuts, see <xref linkend="gcalctool-keyboard-shortcut"/>.</para>
                  </listitem>
                </itemizedlist>
                <para>Приложение <application>gcalctool</application> автоматически отображает числа, содержащие более 40 цифр или маленькие числа в экспоненциальном виде. Например, следующая таблица содержит значение, которое будет отображаться, когда вы используете десятичную систему счисления с точностью два знака после запятой:</para>
      <informaltable frame="all">
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
          <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
          <colspec colname="COLSPEC1" colwidth="50*"/>
          <thead>
            <row valign="top">
              <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                <para>Отображение</para></entry>
              <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                <para>Значение</para></entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row valign="top">
              <entry><para>1.23e+37</para></entry>
              <entry><para>1.23 * 10<superscript>37</superscript></para></entry>
            </row>
            <row valign="top">
              <entry><para>1e-5</para></entry>
              <entry><para>0,00001</para></entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>

      <para>Чтобы узнать, как вводить числа в экспоненциальном виде, прочитайте <xref linkend="gcalctool-enter-exp"/>.</para>

    <sect3 id="gcalctool-calc-functions-separator">
                <title>Отображение разделителя в больших числах</title> 
      <para>Для вставки разделителя после каждых трёх цифр слева от десятичной запятой в десятичной системе счисления, выберите <menuchoice><guimenu>Вид</guimenu><guimenuitem>Разделитель тысяч</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
      <note>
      <para>Different countries and cultures have varying conventions for how to communicate. These conventions include the language spoken and the character used as a numeric separator.</para>
      <para><application>gcalctool</application> has been internationalized so user's can adapt to their own conventions. This is done by setting a specific locale. We can't determine what locales will exist, except for a standard one called the C locale.</para>
      <para>When you use the C locale, the separator character is not displayed.</para>
      </note>
    </sect3>

    <sect3 id="gcalctool-calc-functions-copy">
                <title>Копирование и вставка в области отображения</title> 
                <para>Чтобы копировать результат вычисления, выберите <menuchoice><guimenu>Правка</guimenu><guimenuitem>Копировать</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. Вы можете вставить это значение в другом приложении.</para>

                <para>Чтобы вставить предварительно скопированное значение в область отображения, выберите <menuchoice><guimenu>Правка</guimenu><guimenuitem>Вставить</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
    </sect3>

    </sect2> 
    <!-- ================ Usage Subsection ================================ -->
   
    <sect2 id="gcalctool-basic-mode"> 
      <title>Выполнение основных операций</title> 
      <para>Когда вы первый раз запускаете <application>gcalctool</application>, по умолчанию устанавливает простой режим. Для того, чтобы переключиться из другого режима в простой, выберите <menuchoice><guimenu>Вид</guimenu><guimenuitem>Простой</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para>
      <para>Ячейки памяти калькулятора недоступны в простом режиме. Другими словами, пункт меню <menuchoice><guimenu>Вид</guimenu><guimenuitem>Ячейки памяти</guimenuitem></menuchoice> недоступен.</para>
    <sect3 id="gcalctool-simple-calc"> 
      <title>Выполнение простых вычислений</title> 
      <para>Для выполнения простых вычислений используйте кнопки, описанные в <xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-simple-calc"/>.</para>
                <table id="gcalctool-TBL-simple-calc" frame="all">
                  <title>Выполнение простых вычислений</title> 
                  <tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC2" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC3" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC4" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Функция</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Кнопка</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                         <para>Описание</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC3">
                                         <para>Пример</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC4">
                                         <para>Результат</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Цифры</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para>от <guibutton>0</guibutton> до <guibutton>9</guibutton> включительно</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>При десятичном и шестнадцатеричном основании доступны все цифры. При восьмеричном основании <guibutton>8</guibutton> и <guibutton>9</guibutton> недоступны. При двоичном доступны только <guibutton>0</guibutton> и <guibutton>1</guibutton>. По умолчанию используется десятичное основание.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>1</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Десятичная точка</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>.</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Starts the fractional part of a numeric entry.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>1</guibutton> <guibutton>.</guibutton> <guibutton>2</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1.2</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Вычислить результат</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>=</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Displays the result of the current calculation in the current base.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1 <guibutton>+</guibutton> <guibutton>2</guibutton> <guibutton>=</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>3</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Сложение</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>+</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Добавляет значение в области отображения к числу, которое вы введёте.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1 <guibutton>+</guibutton> <guibutton>2</guibutton> <guibutton>=</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>3</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Вычитание</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>-</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Вычитает из значения в области отображения число, которое вы введёте.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>3 <guibutton>-</guibutton><guibutton>2</guibutton><guibutton>=</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Умножение</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>*</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Умножает значение в области отображения на число, которое вы введёте.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>3 <guibutton>*</guibutton><guibutton>2</guibutton><guibutton>=</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>6</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Деление</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>/</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Делит значение в области отображения на число, которое вы введёте.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>6 <guibutton>/</guibutton><guibutton>3</guibutton><guibutton>=</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>2</para></entry>
                           </row>
			<row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Изменение знака</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>+/-</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Изменяет положительное значение на отрицательное или отрицательное на положительное.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>8 <guibutton>+/-</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>-8</para></entry>
                           </row>
			 </tbody>

		  </tgroup>
		</table>
    </sect3>
    <sect3 id="gcalctool-erase-char"> 
      <title>Чтобы удалить символ</title> 
      <para>Для стирания символов используйте кнопки, описанные в <xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-erase-char"/>.</para>
                <table id="gcalctool-TBL-erase-char" frame="all">
                  <title>Удаление символов</title> 
                  <tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC2" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC3" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC4" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Функция</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Кнопка</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                         <para>Описание</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC3">
                                         <para>Пример</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC4">
                                         <para>Результат</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Стереть</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>←</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Removes the rightmost character from the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1 <guibutton>+</guibutton><guibutton>2</guibutton><guibutton>2</guibutton><guibutton>←</guibutton><guibutton>=</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>3</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Очистить ввод</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>CE</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Удаляет значение из области отображения</para>
                                    <para>This is only really meaningful if the Calculator is not in Arithmetic Precedence mode.</para>
                                    <para>In Arithmetic Precedence mode, this operation is the same as <guibutton>Clr</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>If the calculator is not in Arithmetic Precedence mode:</para>
                                    <para>1 <guibutton>+</guibutton> <guibutton>2</guibutton><guibutton>2</guibutton> <guibutton>CE</guibutton> <guibutton>=</guibutton></para>
                                    <para>If the calculator is in Arithmetic Precedence mode:</para>
                                    <para>1 <guibutton>+</guibutton> <guibutton>2</guibutton><guibutton>2</guibutton> <guibutton>CE</guibutton> <guibutton>=</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>If the calculator is not in Arithmetic Precedence mode:</para>
                                    <para>1</para>
                                    <para>If the calculator is in Arithmetic Precedence mode:</para>
                                    <para>0</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Clear</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>C</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Resets the current value in the display area to zero and removes any previous calculation results. <guibutton>Clr</guibutton> also deselects the <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> and <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> options in Scientific.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1 <guibutton>+</guibutton> <guibutton>2</guibutton><guibutton>2</guibutton> <guibutton>Clr</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>0</para></entry>
                           </row>
			 </tbody>
		  </tgroup>
		</table>
    </sect3>
    
    



  

          <sect3 id="gcalctool-ins-ascii"> 
            <title>To Display ASCII Values</title> 
                        <para>To display the ASCII value of a character, choose
                          <menuchoice>
                                 <guimenu>Edit</guimenu>
                                 <guimenuitem>Insert ASCII Value</guimenuitem>
                          </menuchoice>.</para>
                        <para>The Insert ASCII Value dialog is displayed.</para>
                        <para>Enter the required character in the <guilabel>Character</guilabel> field, then click <guibutton>Insert</guibutton>. The ASCII value of that character, in the current numeric base, appears in the display area. For example, the ASCII value of B in decimal base is 66.</para>
          </sect3>
	</sect2>

 <sect2 id="gcalctool-advanced-mode">
    <title>To Perform Advanced Calculations  </title>
  <para>To change to Advanced mode, choose 
	<menuchoice> 
	  <guimenu>View</guimenu> 
	  <guimenuitem>Advanced</guimenuitem> 
	</menuchoice>. 
      </para>
    <para>When you change to Advanced mode, the following buttons are displayed to the right of the Basic mode buttons:</para>
    <!-- ==== Figure ==== -->
      <figure id="gcalctool-FIG-advanced"> 
	<title><application>gcalctool</application> Advanced Mode Buttons</title> 
	<screenshot> 
	  <mediaobject> 
	    <imageobject><imagedata fileref="figures/gcalctool_advanced_window.png" format="PNG"/> 
	    </imageobject>
	    <textobject> 
	      <phrase>Shows <application>gcalctool</application> Advanced mode buttons.  </phrase> 
	    </textobject> 
	  </mediaobject> 
	</screenshot> 
      </figure>
    <!-- ==== End of Figure ==== -->
                <table id="gcalctool-TBL-adv-calc" frame="all">
                  <title>Performing Advanced Calculations</title> 
                  <tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC2" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC3" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC4" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Функция</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Кнопка</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                         <para>Описание</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC3">
                                         <para>Пример</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC4">
                                         <para>Результат</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Процент</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>%</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Divides the current value by 100.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>560 <guibutton>%</guibutton> <guibutton>=</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>5,60</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Обратная величина</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>1/<replaceable>x</replaceable></guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Divides 1 by the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>4 <guibutton>1/<replaceable>x</replaceable></guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>0,25</para></entry>
                           </row>
                    
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Квадратный корень</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Sqrt</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the square root of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>For arithmetic precedence mode:</para>
                             <para><guibutton>Sqrt</guibutton> 9 <guibutton>)</guibutton><guibutton>=</guibutton></para>
                             <para>For non-arithmetic precedence mode:</para>
                             <para>9 <guibutton>Sqrt</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>3</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Квадрат</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><replaceable>x</replaceable><superscript>2</superscript></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the square of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>3 <replaceable>x</replaceable><superscript>2</superscript></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>9</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Integer Portion</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>int</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the integer portion of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>-23,45 <guibutton>int</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>-23</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Дробная часть</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>frac</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Вычисляет дробную часть текущего значения области ввода.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>-23,45 <guibutton>frac</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>-0,45</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Модуль</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>|x|</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the absolute value of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>-23.45 <guibutton>|x|</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>23,45</para></entry>
			 </row>
			   <row valign="top">
 			<entry><para>Parentheses</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>(</guibutton> and <guibutton>)</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Provide precedence in arithmetic calculations if you are not using Arithmetic Precedence. See also <xref linkend="gcalctool-manage-order"/>. Calculations within parentheses are performed first. You can nest parentheses to any level. When the last parenthesis is matched, the display area is updated.</para></entry>
                           <entry>
                               <para>2 <guibutton>+</guibutton> <guibutton>3</guibutton> <guibutton>*</guibutton> <guibutton>4</guibutton> <guibutton>=</guibutton></para>
                               <para>2 <guibutton>+</guibutton> <guibutton>(</guibutton> <guibutton>3</guibutton> <guibutton>*</guibutton> <guibutton>4</guibutton> <guibutton>)</guibutton></para>
                             </entry>
                             <entry> <para>20</para>
                               <para>14</para>
                             </entry>
		       	
                           </row>
			 </tbody>
		  </tgroup>
		</table>

<sect3 id="gcalctool-mem-reg"> 
      <title>To Use the Calculator Memory Registers</title> 
      <para>You can store values in any of the ten <application>gcalctool</application> memory registers <guilabel>R0</guilabel> to <guilabel>R9</guilabel>. To display the memory registers, choose 
	<menuchoice> 
	  <guimenu>View</guimenu> 
	  <guimenuitem>Memory Registers</guimenuitem> 
	</menuchoice>. 
      </para>
      <para>The memory registers can be dismissed by either choosing 
            <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Memory Registers</guimenuitem></menuchoice> 
            again, or by clicking on the <guibutton>Close</guibutton> button in the memory register window.</para>
        <para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-mem-reg"/> describes the memory functions that you can use.</para>
                <table id="gcalctool-TBL-mem-reg" frame="all">
                  <title>Memory Functions</title> 
                  <tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC2" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC3" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC4" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Функция</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Кнопка</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                         <para>Описание</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC3">
                                         <para>Пример</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC4">
                                         <para>Результат</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Store Value in Memory Register</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>X→П</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Stores the current contents of the display area in the specified memory register. Click <guibutton>Sto</guibutton>, then select a memory register from the popup menu.</para>
                                   <para>To clear a memory register during a <application>gcalctool</application> session:</para>
                                     <orderedlist>
                                       <listitem><para>Click <guibutton>Clr</guibutton>.</para></listitem>
                                       <listitem><para>Click <guibutton>Sto</guibutton>.</para></listitem>
                                       <listitem><para>Select the memory register from the popup menu.</para></listitem>
                                     </orderedlist>
</entry>
                             <entry><para>22 <guibutton>Sto</guibutton> <guilabel>R2</guilabel></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>The value 22 is stored in memory register <guilabel>R2</guilabel>.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Retrieve Value From Memory Register</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>П→X</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Retrieves the contents of the specified memory register. Click <guibutton>Rcl</guibutton>, then select the memory register from the popup menu.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>0 <guibutton>Rcl</guibutton> <guilabel>R2</guilabel></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>The value in the display area is 22.</para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Exchange Memory Register Value and Displayed Value</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>П↔X</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Exchanges the contents of the specified memory register and the current value in the display area. Click <guibutton>Exch</guibutton>, then select the memory register from the popup menu.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>44 <guibutton>Exch</guibutton> <guilabel>R2</guilabel></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>The value in the display area changes from 44 to 22, the value in R2 changes from 22 to 44.</para> </entry>
                           </row>
			 </tbody>
		  </tgroup>
		</table>
      <para>If you use keyboard shortcuts, you can use the keyboard to specify the memory register, as shown in the following examples: </para>
      <informaltable frame="all">
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
          <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
          <colspec colname="COLSPEC1" colwidth="50*"/>
          <thead>
            <row valign="top">
              <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                <para>Keyboard Entry</para></entry>
              <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                <para>Описание</para></entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody> 
            <row valign="top">
              <entry><para><keycap>S</keycap> <keycap>2</keycap></para></entry>
              <entry><para>Stores the current contents of the display area in memory register <guilabel>R2</guilabel>.</para></entry>
            </row>
            <row valign="top">
              <entry><para><keycap>П</keycap> <keycap>2</keycap></para></entry>
              <entry><para>Retrieves the current contents of memory register <guilabel>R2</guilabel> into the display area.</para></entry>
            </row>
            <row valign="top">
              <entry><para><keycap>X</keycap> <keycap>2</keycap></para></entry>
              <entry><para>Exchanges the current value of the display area with the contents of memory register <guilabel>R2</guilabel>.</para></entry>
            </row>
          </tbody> 
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
    </sect3>


    </sect2> 
    <!-- ================ Usage Subsection ================================ -->
	 <sect2 id="gcalctool-financial-mode"> 
      <title>To Perform Financial Calculations</title> 
      <para>To change to Financial mode, choose 
	<menuchoice> 
	  <guimenu>View</guimenu> 
	  <guimenuitem>Financial</guimenuitem> 
	</menuchoice>. 
      </para>
     <para>When you change to Financial mode, the following buttons are displayed above the Basic and Advanced mode buttons:</para>

    <!-- ==== Figure ==== -->
      <figure id="gcalctool-FIG-financial"> 
	<title><application>gcalctool</application> Financial Mode Buttons</title> 
	<screenshot> 
	  <mediaobject> 
	    <imageobject><imagedata fileref="figures/gcalctool_financial_window.png" format="PNG"/> 
	    </imageobject>
	    <textobject> 
	      <phrase>Shows <application>gcalctool</application> Financial mode buttons.  </phrase> 
	    </textobject> 
	  </mediaobject> 
	</screenshot> 
      </figure>
    <!-- ==== End of Figure ==== -->
      <para>To perform financial calculations, use the buttons described in <xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-financial-calc"/>. 
</para>
                <table id="gcalctool-TBL-financial-calc" frame="all">
                  <title>Performing Financial Calculations</title> 
                  <tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC2" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC3" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC4" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Функция</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Кнопка</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                         <para>Описание</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC3">
                                         <para>Пример</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC4">
                                         <para>Результат</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Compounding Term</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>ctrm</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the number of compounding periods necessary to increase an investment of present value <replaceable>pv</replaceable> to a future value of <replaceable>fv</replaceable>, at a fixed interest rate of <replaceable>int</replaceable> per compounding period. </para>
                              <para>This function uses the following memory registers: </para>
                             <variablelist>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 0</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>int</replaceable>, the periodic interest rate</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 1</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>fv</replaceable>, the future value</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 2</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>pv</replaceable>, the present value</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                             </variablelist> 
                             </entry>
                             <entry><para>You have just deposited $8000 in an account that pays an annual interest rate of 9%, compounded monthly. Given the annual interest rate, you determine that the simple monthly interest rate is 0.09 / 12 = 0.0075. To calculate the time period necessary to double your investment, put the following values into the first three memory registers:</para>
                             <variablelist>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 0</term>
                                <listitem><para>0.0075</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 1</term>
                                <listitem><para>16000</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 2</term>
                                <listitem><para>8000</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                             </variablelist> 
                             <para>Click <guibutton>Ctrm</guibutton><guibutton> =</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>92.77</para>
                                    <para>The investment doubles in value in 92.77 months.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Double-Declining Depreciation</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>ddb</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the depreciation allowance on an asset for a specified period of time, using the double-declining balance method.
</para>
                              <para>This function uses the following memory registers:</para>
                             <variablelist>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 0</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>cost</replaceable>, the amount paid for the asset</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 1</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>salvage</replaceable>, the value of the asset at the end of its life</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 2</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>life</replaceable>, the useful life of the asset</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 3</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>period</replaceable>, the time period for depreciation allowance</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                             </variablelist> 
                             </entry>
                             <entry><para>You have just purchased an office machine for $8000. The useful life of this machine is six years. The salvage value after six years is $900.
To calculate the depreciation expense for the fourth year, using the double-declining balance method, put the following values into the first four memory registers:</para>
                             <variablelist>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 0</term>
                                <listitem><para>8000</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 1</term>
                                <listitem><para>900</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 2</term>
                                <listitem><para>6</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 3</term>
                                <listitem><para>4</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                             </variablelist> 
                             <para>Click <guibutton>Ddb</guibutton><guibutton> =</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>790.12</para>
                                    <para>The depreciation expense for the fourth year is $790.12.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Future Value</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>fv</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the future value of an investment based on a series of equal payments, each of amount <replaceable>pmt</replaceable>, at a periodic interest rate of <replaceable>int</replaceable>, over the number of payment periods in the term.
</para>
                              <para>This function uses the following memory registers: </para>
                             <variablelist>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 0</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>pmt</replaceable>, the periodic payment</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 1</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>int</replaceable>, the periodic interest rate</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 2</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>n</replaceable>, the number of periods</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                             </variablelist> 
                             </entry>
                             <entry><para>You plan to deposit $4000 in a bank account on the last day of each year for the next 20 years. The account pays 8% interest, compounded annually. Interest is paid on the last day of each year. 
To calculate the value of your account in 20 years, put the following values into the first three memory registers:</para>
                             <variablelist>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 0</term>
                                <listitem><para>4000</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 1</term>
                                <listitem><para>0,08</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 2</term>
                                <listitem><para>20</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                             </variablelist> 
                             <para>Click <guibutton>Fv</guibutton><guibutton> =</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>183047,86</para>
                                    <para>At the end of 20 years, the value of the account is $183,047.86.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Периодическая оплата</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>pmt</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the amount of the periodic payment of a loan, where payments are made at the end of each payment period. 
</para>
                              <para>This function uses the following memory registers: </para>
                             <variablelist>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 0</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>prin</replaceable>, the principal</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 1</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>int</replaceable>, the periodic interest rate</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 2</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>n</replaceable>, the term</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                             </variablelist> 
                             </entry>
                             <entry><para>You are considering a $120,000 mortgage for 30 years at an annual interest rate of 11.0%. Given the annual interest rate, you determine that the simple monthly interest rate is 0.11 / 12 = 0.00917. The term is 30 * 12 = 360 months. To calculate the monthly repayment for this mortgage, put the following values into the first three memory registers:</para>
                             <variablelist>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 0</term>
                                <listitem><para>120000</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 1</term>
                                <listitem><para>0,00917</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 2</term>
                                <listitem><para>360</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                             </variablelist> 
                             <para>Click <guibutton>Pmt</guibutton><guibutton> =</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1143,15</para>
                                    <para>The monthly repayment is $1143.15.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Present Value</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Pv</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the present value of an investment based on a series of equal payments, each of amount <replaceable>pmt</replaceable>, discounted at a periodic interest rate of <replaceable>int</replaceable>, over the number of payment periods in the term.
</para>
                              <para>This function uses the following memory registers: </para>
                             <variablelist>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 0</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>pmt</replaceable>, the periodic payment</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 1</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>int</replaceable>, the periodic interest rate</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 2</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>n</replaceable>, the number of periods</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                             </variablelist> 
                             </entry>
                             <entry><para>You have just won a million dollars. The prize is awarded in 20 annual payments of $50,000 each. Annual payments are received at the end of each year. If you were to accept the annual payments of $50,000, you would invest the money at a rate of 9%, compounded annually.</para>
                                    <para>However, you are given the option of receiving a single lump-sum payment of $400,000 instead of the million dollars annuity. 
To calculate which option is worth more in today's dollars, put the following values into the first three memory registers:</para>
                             <variablelist>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 0</term>
                                <listitem><para>50000</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 1</term>
                                <listitem><para>0,09</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 2</term>
                                <listitem><para>20</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                             </variablelist> 
                             <para>Click <guibutton>Pv</guibutton><guibutton> =</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>456427,28</para>
                                    <para>The $1,000,000 paid over 20 years is worth $456,427.28 in present dollars.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Periodic Interest Rate</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>rate</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the periodic interest necessary to increase an investment of present value <replaceable>pv</replaceable> to a future value of <replaceable>fv</replaceable>, over the number of compounding periods in <replaceable>term</replaceable>.
</para>
                              <para>This function uses the following memory registers: </para>
                             <variablelist>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 0</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>fv</replaceable>, the future value</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 1</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>pv</replaceable>, the present value</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 2</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>n</replaceable>, the term</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                             </variablelist> 
                             </entry>
                             <entry><para>You have invested $20,000 in a bond. The bond matures in five years, and has a maturity value of $30,000. Interest is compounded monthly. The term is 5 * 12 = 60 months.
To calculate the periodic interest rate for this investment, put the following values into the first three memory registers:</para>
                             <variablelist>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 0</term>
                                <listitem><para>30000</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 1</term>
                                <listitem><para>20000</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 2</term>
                                <listitem><para>60</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                             </variablelist> 
                             <para>Click <guibutton>Rate</guibutton><guibutton> =</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>.00678</para>
                                    <para>The monthly interest rate is 0.678%. The annual interest rate is 0.678% * 12 = 8.14%.
</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Straight-Line Depreciation</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>sln</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period. The depreciable cost is <replaceable>cost</replaceable> - <replaceable>salvage</replaceable>. The straight-line method of depreciation divides the depreciable cost evenly over the useful life of an asset. The useful life is the number of periods, typically years, over which an asset is depreciated.
</para>
                              <para>This function uses the following memory registers:</para>
                             <variablelist>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 0</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>cost</replaceable>, the amount paid for the asset</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 1</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>salvage</replaceable>, the value of the asset at the end of its life</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 2</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>life</replaceable>, the useful life of the asset</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                             </variablelist> 
                             </entry>
                             <entry><para>You have just purchased an office machine for $8000. The useful life of this machine is six years. The salvage value after six years is $900.
To calculate the yearly depreciation expense, using the straight-line method, put the following values into the first three memory registers:</para>
                             <variablelist>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 0</term>
                                <listitem><para>8000</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 1</term>
                                <listitem><para>900</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 2</term>
                                <listitem><para>6</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                             </variablelist> 
                             <para>Click <guibutton>Sln</guibutton><guibutton> =</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1183.33</para>
                                    <para>The yearly depreciation expense is $1183.33.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Sum-Of-The-Years'-Digits Depreciation</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>syd</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the depreciation allowance on an asset for a specified period of time, using the Sum-Of-The-Years'-Digits method. This method of depreciation accelerates the rate of depreciation, so that more depreciation expense occurs in earlier periods than in later ones.
The depreciable cost is <replaceable>cost</replaceable> - <replaceable>salvage</replaceable>. The useful life is the number of periods, typically years, over which an asset is depreciated.
</para>
                              <para>This function uses the following memory registers:</para>
                             <variablelist>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 0</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>cost</replaceable>, the amount paid for the asset</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 1</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>salvage</replaceable>, the value of the asset at the end of its life</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 2</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>life</replaceable>, the useful life of the asset</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 3</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>period</replaceable>, the time period for depreciation allowance</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                             </variablelist> 
                             </entry>
                             <entry><para>You have just purchased an office machine for $8000. The useful life of this machine is six years. The salvage value after six years is $900.
To calculate the depreciation expense for the fourth year, using the sum-of-the-years'-digits method, put the following values into the first four memory registers:</para>
                             <variablelist>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 0</term>
                                <listitem><para>8000</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 1</term>
                                <listitem><para>900</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 2</term>
                                <listitem><para>6</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 3</term>
                                <listitem><para>4</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                             </variablelist> 
                             <para>Click <guibutton>Syd</guibutton><guibutton> =</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1014.29</para>
                                    <para>The depreciation expense for the fourth year is $1014.29.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Payment Period</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>term</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the number of payment periods that are necessary during the term of an ordinary annuity, to accumulate a future value of <replaceable>fv</replaceable>, at a periodic interest rate of <replaceable>int</replaceable>. Each payment is equal to amount <replaceable>pmt</replaceable>.
</para>
                              <para>This function uses the following memory registers: </para>
                             <variablelist>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 0</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>pmt</replaceable>, the periodic payment</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 1</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>fv</replaceable>, the future value</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 2</term>
                                <listitem><para><replaceable>int</replaceable>, the periodic interest rate</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                             </variablelist> 
                             </entry>
                             <entry><para>You plan to deposit $1800 in a bank account on the last day of each year. The account pays 11% interest, compounded annually. Interest is paid on the last day of each year. 
To calculate the time period necessary to accumulate $120,000, put the following values into the first three memory registers:</para>
                             <variablelist>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 0</term>
                                <listitem><para>1800</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 1</term>
                                <listitem><para>120000</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                                <varlistentry>
                                <term>Register 2</term>
                                <listitem><para>0.11</para></listitem>
                                </varlistentry>
                             </variablelist> 
                             <para>Click <guibutton>Term</guibutton><guibutton> =</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>20.32</para>
                                    <para>$120,000 accumulates in the account in 20.32 years.</para></entry>
                           </row>
			 </tbody>
		  </tgroup>
		</table>
    </sect2> 
    <!-- ================ Usage Subsection ================================ -->
    <sect2 id="gcalctool-scientific-mode"> 
      <title>To Perform Scientific Calculations</title> 
      <para>To change to Scientific mode, choose 
	<menuchoice> 
	  <guimenu>View</guimenu> 
	  <guimenuitem>Scientific</guimenuitem> 
	</menuchoice>. 
      </para>
    <para>When you change to Scientific mode, the following buttons are displayed above the Basic and Advanced mode buttons:</para>

    <!-- ==== Figure ==== -->
      <figure id="gcalctool-FIG-scientific"> 
	<title><application>gcalctool</application> Scientific Mode Buttons</title> 
	<screenshot> 
	  <mediaobject> 
	    <imageobject><imagedata fileref="figures/gcalctool_scientific_window.png" format="PNG"/> 
	    </imageobject>
	    <textobject> 
	      <phrase>Shows <application>gcalctool</application> Scientific mode buttons.  </phrase> 
	    </textobject> 
	  </mediaobject> 
	</screenshot> 
      </figure>
    <!-- ==== End of Figure ==== -->
    <sect3 id="gcalctool-set-acc"> 
      <title>To Set the Accuracy</title> 
      <para>To set the accuracy of the display area and of the memory registers, click <guibutton>Acc</guibutton>, then select from the popup menu the accuracy level that you require. The current accuracy level is indicated by a preceding black circle in the popup menu. Up to 99 significant places can be displayed. The default accuracy is 9 significant places. </para>
<para>To set the accuracy level above 9, select <guilabel>Other (9) ...</guilabel>, then choose the accuracy level you require in the <guilabel>Set Precision</guilabel> popup.</para>
      <para>By default, trailing zeroes are not shown. To display trailing zeroes, click <guibutton>Acc</guibutton> then select <guilabel>Show Trailing Zeroes</guilabel> from the popup menu, or choose <menuchoice> <guimenu>View</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Show Trailing Zeroes</guimenuitem> </menuchoice>. A preceding check mark in the <guibutton>Acc</guibutton> popup menu or <guimenu>View</guimenu> menu indicates that the <guilabel>Show Trailing Zeroes</guilabel> option has been selected. To hide trailing zeroes, choose <menuchoice> <guimenu>View</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Show Trailing Zeroes</guimenuitem> </menuchoice> again.</para>
      <para>The examples in the following table show how the accuracy setting affects <replaceable>x</replaceable> in the display area, when you use decimal base, with the <guimenuitem>Show Trailing Zeroes</guimenuitem> option selected, for the <literal>1 / 8 = <replaceable>x</replaceable></literal> calculation: </para>
                <informaltable frame="all">
                  <tgroup cols="2" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Точность</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Результат</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>1 significant place</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1.2</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>2 significant places</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1.25</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>3 significant places</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1.250</para></entry>
                           </row>
			 </tbody>
		  </tgroup>
		</informaltable>
    </sect3>
    <sect3 id="gcalctool-num-base"> 
      <title>To Set the Numeric Base</title> 
      <para>To set the numeric base, select one of the buttons described in <xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-num-base"/>. </para>
                <table id="gcalctool-TBL-num-base" frame="all">
                  <title>Setting the Numeric Base</title> 
                  <tgroup cols="3" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC2" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Функция</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Кнопка</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                         <para>Описание</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Binary Base</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Bin</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Sets the numeric base to binary, that is, base 2.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Octal Base</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Oct</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Sets the numeric base to octal, that is, base 8.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Decimal Base</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Dec</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Sets the numeric base to decimal, that is, base 10. Decimal is the default numeric base. If you change from Scientific mode to another mode, <application>gcalctool</application> automatically sets the numeric base to decimal.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Hexadecimal Base</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Hex</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Sets the numeric base to hexadecimal, that is, base 16.</para></entry>
                           </row>
			 </tbody>
		  </tgroup>
		</table>
    </sect3>
    <sect3 id="gcalctool-display-type"> 
      <title>To Set the Display Type</title> 
      <para>To set the display type, select one of the buttons described in <xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-display-type"/>. </para>
                <table id="gcalctool-TBL-display-type" frame="all">
                  <title>Setting the Display Type</title> 
                  <tgroup cols="3" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC2" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Функция</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Кнопка</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                         <para>Описание</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Engineering Display Type</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Eng</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Sets the display type to engineering format. Results are displayed in scientific notation. The exponent is always a multiple of three.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Fixed-Point Display Type</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Fix</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Sets the display type to fixed-point format. Results are not displayed in scientific notation. Fixed-point is the default display type.  If you change from scientific mode to either basic mode or financial mode, <application>gcalctool</application> automatically sets the display type to fixed-point format.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Scientific Display Type</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Sci</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Sets the display type to scientific format. Results are displayed in scientific notation, with a fixed number of numeric digits.</para></entry>
                           </row>
			 </tbody>
		  </tgroup>
		</table>
    </sect3>
    <sect3 id="gcalctool-trig-type"> 
      <title>To Set the Trigonometric Type</title> 
      <para>To set the trigonometric type, select one of the buttons described in <xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-trig-type"/>. </para>
                <table id="gcalctool-TBL-trig-type" frame="all">
                  <title>Setting the Trigonometric Type</title> 
                  <tgroup cols="3" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC2" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Функция</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Кнопка</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                         <para>Описание</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Degrees</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Degrees</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Sets the trigonometric type to degrees. Degrees is the default trigonometric type.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Gradians</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Gradians</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Sets the trigonometric type to gradians.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Radians</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Radians</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Sets the trigonometric type to radians.</para></entry>
                           </row>
			 </tbody>
		  </tgroup>
		</table>
    </sect3>
    <sect3 id="gcalctool-trig-options"> 
      <title>To Set the Trigonometric Options</title> 
      <para>To set the trigonometric options, use the options described in <xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-trig-options"/>. </para>
                <table id="gcalctool-TBL-trig-options" frame="all">
                  <title>Setting the Trigonometric Options</title> 
                  <tgroup cols="3" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC2" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Функция</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Кнопка</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                         <para>Описание</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Hyperbolic Option Indicator</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Hyp</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Selects the hyperbolic option for use with the trigonometric functions.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Inverse Option Indicator</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Inv</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Selects the inverse option for use with the trigonometric functions.</para></entry>
                           </row>
			 </tbody>
		  </tgroup>
		</table>
      <para>By default, the options described in <xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-trig-options"/> are not selected. Click <guibutton>Clr</guibutton> to deselect these options. </para>

    </sect3>
    <sect3 id="gcalctool-trig-calc"> 
      <title>To Calculate Trigonometric Values</title> 
      <para>To calculate trigonometric values, use the buttons described in <xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-trig-calc"/>. </para>
                <table id="gcalctool-TBL-trig-calc" frame="all">
                  <title>Calculating Trigonometric Values</title> 
                  <tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC2" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC3" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC4" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Функция</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Кнопка</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                         <para>Описание</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC3">
                                         <para>Пример</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC4">
                                         <para>Результат</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Cosine <literal>cos</literal></para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Cos</guibutton>, <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> option not selected, <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> option not selected</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the cosine of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>60 <guibutton>Cos</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>0.5</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Arc Cosine <literal>acos</literal></para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Cos</guibutton>, <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> option not selected, <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> option selected</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the arc cosine of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>0.5 <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> <guibutton>Cos</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>60</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Hyperbolic Cosine <literal>cosh</literal></para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Cos</guibutton>, <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> option selected, <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> option not selected</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the hyperbolic cosine of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>0.4 <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> <guibutton>Cos</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1,081072372</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Arc Hyperbolic Cosine <literal>acosh</literal></para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Cos</guibutton>, <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> option selected, <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> option selected</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the arc hyperbolic cosine of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1.6 <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> <guibutton>Cos</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1.046967915</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Sine <literal>sin</literal></para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Sin</guibutton>, <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> option not selected, <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> option not selected</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the sine of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>90 <guibutton>Sin</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Arc Sine <literal>asin</literal></para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Sin</guibutton>, <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> option not selected, <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> option selected</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the arc sine of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1 <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> <guibutton>Sin</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>90</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Hyperbolic Sine <literal>sinh</literal></para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Sin</guibutton>, <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> option selected, <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> option not selected</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the hyperbolic sine of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>0.4 <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> <guibutton>Sin</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>0,410752326</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Arc Hyperbolic Sine <literal>asinh</literal></para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Sin</guibutton>, <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> option selected, <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> option selected</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the arc hyperbolic sine of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1.6 <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> <guibutton>Sin</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1,248983328</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Tangent <literal>tan</literal></para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Tan</guibutton>, <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> option not selected, <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> option not selected</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the tangent of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>45 <guibutton>Tan</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Arc Tangent <literal>atan</literal></para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Tan</guibutton>, <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> option not selected, <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> option selected</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the arc tangent of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1 <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> <guibutton>Tan</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>45</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Hyperbolic Tangent <literal>tanh</literal></para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Tan</guibutton>, <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> option selected, <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> option not selected</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the hyperbolic tangent of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>0.6 <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> <guibutton>Tan</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>0.537049567</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Arc Hyperbolic Tangent <literal>atanh</literal></para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Tan</guibutton>, <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> option selected, <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> option selected</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the arc hyperbolic tangent of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>0.6 <guilabel>Hyp</guilabel> <guilabel>Inv</guilabel> <guibutton>Tan</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>0.693147181</para></entry>
                           </row>
			 </tbody>
		  </tgroup>
		</table>
    </sect3>
    <sect3 id="gcalctool-logs-calc"> 
      <title>To Calculate Logarithms</title> 
      <para>To calculate logarithms, use the buttons described in <xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-logs-calc"/>. </para>
                <table id="gcalctool-TBL-logs-calc" frame="all">
                  <title>Calculating Logarithms</title> 
                  <tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC2" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC3" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC4" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Функция</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Кнопка</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                         <para>Описание</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC3">
                                         <para>Пример</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC4">
                                         <para>Результат</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Common Logarithm Base 10</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para>Log<subscript><replaceable>10</replaceable></subscript></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the common logarithm (base 10) of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>10 Log<subscript><replaceable>10</replaceable></subscript></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Natural Logarithm</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>ln</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the natural logarithm of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>10 <guibutton>Ln</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>2.30</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Common Logarithm Base 2</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para>Log<subscript><replaceable>2</replaceable></subscript></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the common logarithm (base 2) of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>10 Log<subscript><replaceable>2</replaceable></subscript></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>3.32</para></entry>
                           </row>
			 </tbody>
		  </tgroup>
		</table>
                <note>
                  <para>Common antilogarithm and natural antilogarithm are not supported in this version of <application>gcalctool</application>.</para>
                </note>
    </sect3>
    <sect3 id="gcalctool-logic-calc"> 
      <title>To Perform Bitwise Calculations</title> 
      <para>To perform bitwise calculations, use the buttons described in <xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-logic-calc"/>. </para>
                <table id="gcalctool-TBL-logic-calc" frame="all">
                  <title>Performing Bitwise Calculations</title> 
                  <tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC2" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC3" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC4" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Функция</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Кнопка</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                         <para>Описание</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC3">
                                         <para>Пример</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC4">
                                         <para>Результат</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Побитовое "ИЛИ"</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>OR</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Performs a bitwise OR operation on the current value in the display area and the next number that you enter, treating both numbers as unsigned long integers.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>10001000 <guibutton>OR</guibutton> 00010001</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>10011001</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Побитовое "И"</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>AND</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Performs a bitwise AND operation on the current value in the display area and the next number that you enter, treating both numbers as unsigned long integers.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>10101010 <guibutton>AND</guibutton> 00110011</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>100010</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Побитовое отрицание</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>NOT</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Performs a bitwise NOT operation on the current value in the display area, treating the number as an unsigned long integer.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>For arithmetic precedence mode:</para>
                             <para><guibutton>NOT</guibutton> 1357ACE</para>
                             <para>For non-arithmetic precedence mode:</para>
                             <para>1357ACE <guibutton>NOT</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>FECA8531</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Побитовое исключающее "ИЛИ"</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>XOR</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Performs a bitwise XOR operation on the current value in the display area and the next number that you enter, treating both numbers as unsigned long integers.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1100 <guibutton>XOR</guibutton> 1010</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>110</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Побитовое "ИЛИ-НЕ"</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>XNOR</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Performs a bitwise XNOR operation on the current value in the display area and the next number that you enter, treating both numbers as unsigned long integers.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1100 <guibutton>XNOR</guibutton> 1010</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>11111111111111111111111111111001</para></entry>
                           </row>
			 </tbody>
		  </tgroup>
		</table>
    </sect3>
    <sect3 id="gcalctool-calc-bit-manipulation-ext">
      <title>To Perform Bit Manipulations on Integers</title>
      <para>To change the values of individuals bits in integer values, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Show Bit Editor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. This option is only available in Scientific mode.</para>
      <para>If the calculator display shows an integer value, then each of the bits in that integer value is displayed as a collection of 0's and 1's. By clicking on any of these individual bits, their value can be toggled, causing the displayed integer value to be adjusted accordingly.</para>
    </sect3>
    <sect3 id="gcalctool-enter-exp"> 
      <title>To Enter Exponential Numbers</title> 
      <para>To enter exponential numbers, use the <guibutton>Exp</guibutton> button.</para>
      <para>The <guibutton>Exp</guibutton> button enables you to enter numbers in scientific notation, that is, <replaceable>mantissa</replaceable> * <replaceable>base</replaceable><superscript><replaceable>exponent</replaceable></superscript>:
</para>
<variablelist>
  <varlistentry>
    <term><replaceable>mantissa</replaceable></term>
    <listitem><para>Current non-zero value in the display area. If the current value in the display area is zero, the mantissa is 1.0. </para></listitem>
  </varlistentry>
  <varlistentry>
    <term><replaceable>base</replaceable></term>
    <listitem><para>2, 8, 10, or 16 for binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal numeric base respectively.  </para></listitem>
  </varlistentry>
  <varlistentry>
    <term><replaceable>exponent</replaceable></term>
    <listitem><para>Next number that you enter.
</para></listitem>
  </varlistentry>
</variablelist>

<para>When you click <guibutton>Exp</guibutton>, the calculator displays <literal>. +</literal> to represent 
<replaceable>base</replaceable> to the power of the next number that you enter. </para>
<para>To change the sign of the number, use the <guibutton>+/-</guibutton> button before the <guibutton>Exp</guibutton> button.
How you change the sign of the exponent (the power to which the number is raised) depends on whether you are in
arithmetic precedence mode or not. In arithmetic precedence mode, use <guibutton>-</guibutton> after the
<guibutton>Exp</guibutton> button, otherwise use the <guibutton>+/-</guibutton> button
after entering the exponent.</para>

<para>To enter a decimal number in exponential format, in arithmetic precedence mode, use the guidelines in the following table: </para>
          <informaltable frame="all">
            <tgroup cols="3" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                   <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                   <colspec colname="COLSPEC1" colwidth="50*"/>
                   <thead>
                          <row valign="top">
                            <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                   <para>Number</para></entry>
                            <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                   <para>Enter</para></entry>
                            <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                   <para>Number Displayed</para></entry>
                          </row>
                   </thead> 
                   <tbody> 
                     <row valign="top">
                       <entry><para>1200000000</para></entry>
                       <entry><para>12 <guibutton>Exp</guibutton> <guibutton>+</guibutton> <guibutton>8</guibutton> <guibutton>=</guibutton></para></entry>
                       <entry><para>1200000000</para></entry>
                     </row>
                     <row valign="top">
                       <entry><para>-1200000000</para></entry>
                       <entry><para><guibutton>-</guibutton> 12 <guibutton>Exp</guibutton> <guibutton>+</guibutton> <guibutton>8</guibutton> <guibutton>=</guibutton> </para></entry>
                       <entry><para>-1200000000</para></entry>
                     </row>
                     <row valign="top">
                       <entry><para>0.00000012</para></entry>
                       <entry><para>12 <guibutton>Exp</guibutton> <guibutton>-</guibutton> <guibutton>8</guibutton> <guibutton>=</guibutton> </para></entry>
                       <entry><para>1,2e-7</para></entry>
                     </row>
                     <row valign="top">
                       <entry><para>-0,00000012</para></entry>
                       <entry><para><guibutton>-</guibutton> 12 <guibutton>Exp</guibutton> <guibutton>-</guibutton> <guibutton>8</guibutton> <guibutton>=</guibutton> </para></entry>
                       <entry><para>-1.2e-7</para></entry>
                     </row>
                   </tbody>
            </tgroup>
          </informaltable>

<para>To enter a decimal number in exponential format, in non-arithmetic precedence mode, use the guidelines in the following table: </para>
          <informaltable frame="all">
            <tgroup cols="3" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                   <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                   <colspec colname="COLSPEC1" colwidth="50*"/>
                   <thead>
                          <row valign="top">
                            <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                   <para>Number</para></entry>
                            <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                   <para>Enter</para></entry>
                            <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                   <para>Number Displayed</para></entry>
                          </row>
                   </thead> 
                   <tbody> 
                     <row valign="top">
                       <entry><para>1200000000</para></entry>
                       <entry><para>12 <guibutton>Exp</guibutton> <guibutton>8</guibutton> <guibutton>=</guibutton></para></entry>
                       <entry><para>1200000000</para></entry>
                     </row>
                     <row valign="top">
                       <entry><para>-1200000000</para></entry>
                       <entry><para>12 <guibutton>+/-</guibutton> <guibutton>Exp</guibutton> <guibutton>8</guibutton> <guibutton>=</guibutton> </para></entry>
                       <entry><para>-1200000000</para></entry>
                     </row>
                     <row valign="top">
                       <entry><para>0.00000012</para></entry>
                       <entry><para>12 <guibutton>Exp</guibutton> <guibutton>8</guibutton> <guibutton>+/-</guibutton> </para></entry>
                       <entry><para>1,2e-7</para></entry>
                     </row>
                     <row valign="top">
                       <entry><para>-0,00000012</para></entry>
                       <entry><para>12 <guibutton>+/-</guibutton> <guibutton>Exp</guibutton> <guibutton>8</guibutton> <guibutton>+/-</guibutton> </para></entry>
                       <entry><para>-1.2e-7</para></entry>
                     </row>
                   </tbody>
            </tgroup>
          </informaltable>

    </sect3>
    <sect3 id="gcalctool-edit-const"> 
      <title>Использование констант</title> 
      <para>Щёлкните <guibutton>сonst</guibutton>для отображения списка констант. Все константы записаны в десятичной системе счисления, даже если текущее основание не десятичное.</para>
      <para>Select a constant from the menu to enter its value in the display area. If you use the keyboard shortcut <keycap>#</keycap>, you can use the keyboard to specify the constant, as shown in the following example:</para>
      <informaltable frame="all">
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
          <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
          <colspec colname="COLSPEC1" colwidth="50*"/>
          <thead>
            <row valign="top">
              <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                <para>Keyboard Entry</para></entry>
              <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                <para>Константа</para></entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row valign="top">
              <entry><para><keycap>#</keycap> <keycap>3</keycap> </para></entry>
              <entry><para>C3</para></entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>The <application>gcalctool</application> application provides ten default constant values, as described in the following table:</para>
                <informaltable frame="all">
                  <tgroup cols="3" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC2" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Number</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Значение</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                         <para>Описание</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>C0</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>0,621</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Коэффициент преобразования километров в мили</para>
                                    <para>Multiply the current value in the display area by this constant, to convert from kilometers per hour to miles per hour. For example, 8 * <guibutton>Con</guibutton> <guilabel>C0</guilabel> <keycap>=</keycap> 5.</para>
                                    <para>Divide the current value in the display area by this constant, to convert from miles per hour to kilometers per hour. For example, 5 / <guibutton>Con</guibutton> <guilabel>C0</guilabel> <keycap>=</keycap> 8.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>C1</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1,414213562</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Квадратный корень из 2</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>C2</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>2,718281828</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Число e</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>C3</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>3,141592653</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Число π</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>C4</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>0,3937007</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Коэффициент преобразования сантиметров в дюймы</para>
                                    <para>Multiply the current value in the display area by this constant, to convert from centimeters to inches. For example, 30 * <guibutton>Con</guibutton> <guilabel>C4</guilabel> <keycap>=</keycap> 12.</para>
                                    <para>Divide the current value in the display area by this constant, to convert from inches to centimeters. For example, 12 / <guibutton>Con</guibutton> <guilabel>C4</guilabel> <keycap>=</keycap> 30.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>C5</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>57,295779513</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Градусы в радиане</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>C6</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1048576</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>2 ^ 20</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>C7</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>0,0353</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Коэффициент преобразования грамма в унцию</para>
                                    <para>Multiply the current value in the display area by this constant, to convert from grams to ounces. For example, 500 * <guibutton>Con</guibutton> <guilabel>C7</guilabel> <keycap>=</keycap> 18.</para>
                                    <para>Divide the current value in the display area by this constant, to convert from ounces to grams. For example, 18 / <guibutton>Con</guibutton> <guilabel>C7</guilabel> <keycap>=</keycap> 500.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>C8</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>0,948</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Коэффициент преобразования килоджоулей в британские терм. единицы</para>
                                    <para>Multiply the current value in the display area by this constant, to convert from kilojoules to British thermal units. For example, 10 * <guibutton>Con</guibutton> <guilabel>C8</guilabel> <keycap>=</keycap> 9.48.</para>
                                    <para>Divide the current value in the display area by this constant, to convert from British thermal units to kilojoules. For example, 9.48 / <guibutton>Con</guibutton> <guilabel>C8</guilabel> <keycap>=</keycap> 10.</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>C9</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>0,061</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Коэффициент преобразования куб. сантиметров в куб. дюймы</para>
                                    <para>Multiply the current value in the display area by this constant, to convert from cubic centimeters to cubic inches. For example, 100 * <guibutton>Con</guibutton> <guilabel>C9</guilabel> <keycap>=</keycap> 6.10.</para>
                                    <para>Divide the current value in the display area by this constant, to convert from cubic inches to cubic centimeters. For example, 6.10 / <guibutton>Con</guibutton> <guilabel>C9</guilabel> <keycap>=</keycap> 100.</para></entry>
                           </row>
			 </tbody>
		  </tgroup>
		</informaltable>
      <para>You can overwrite the default constants to store your own constants.</para>
      <para>To store a new constant or edit an existing constant, perform the following steps:</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
           <para>Click <guibutton>Con</guibutton>, then select <guilabel>Edit Constants</guilabel> from the popup menu. </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
      <para>In the <guilabel>Edit Constants</guilabel> dialog, select the constant that you want to overwrite or edit.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
      <para>Click on the Value field, then enter the new value.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
      <para>Click on the Description field, then enter the new description.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
      <para>Click <guibutton>OK</guibutton> to save your changes and close the <guilabel>Edit Constants</guilabel> dialog.</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
    </sect3>
    <sect3 id="gcalctool-edit-func"> 
      <title>Использование функций</title> 
      <para>Для того, чтобы отобразить доступные функции, нажмите кнопку <guibutton>f(x)</guibutton>. Появится выпадающее меню со списком определённых функций. Выберите функцию из меню. Если функция не определена для данного числа, возвращается 0.</para>
<para>If you use the keyboard shortcut <keycap>F</keycap>, you can use the keyboard to specify the function, as shown in the following example:
</para>
      <informaltable frame="all">
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
          <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
          <colspec colname="COLSPEC1" colwidth="50*"/>
          <thead>
            <row valign="top">
              <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                <para>Keyboard Entry</para></entry>
              <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                <para>Функция</para></entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row valign="top">
              <entry><para><keycap>F</keycap> <keycap>3</keycap> </para></entry>
              <entry><para>F3</para></entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>

      <para>Приложение <application>gcalctool</application> по умолчанию не содержит функций. Вы можете сохранять до 10 функций.</para>
      <para>Чтобы сохранить новую или отредактировать существующую функцию, выполните следующие действия:</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
           <para>Щёлкните <guibutton>f(x)</guibutton>, потом выберите <guilabel>Правка функций...</guilabel> из выпадающего меню.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
      <para>В диалоговом окне <guilabel>Правка функций</guilabel> выберите пустое поле или функцию, которую вы хотите перезаписать.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
      <para>Щёлкните в поле Значение и введите новое значение. Используете комбинации клавиш для выбора кнопок <application>gcalctool</application>. Например, введите <literal>90K</literal> для вычисления sin(90).</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
      <para>Щёлкните в поле Описание и введите новое описание. Например, <literal>Sin 90</literal>.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
      <para>Click <guibutton>OK</guibutton> to save your changes and close the <guilabel>Edit Functions</guilabel> dialog.</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
    </sect3>
    <sect3 id="gcalctool-num-manip"> 
      <title>To Manipulate Binary Numbers</title> 
      <para>To manipulate binary numbers, use the buttons described in <xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-num-manip"/>. </para>
                <table id="gcalctool-TBL-num-manip" frame="all">
                  <title>Manipulating Binary Numbers</title> 
                  <tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC2" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC3" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC4" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Функция</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Кнопка</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                         <para>Описание</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC3">
                                         <para>Пример</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC4">
                                         <para>Результат</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Left Shift <replaceable>n</replaceable></para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>&lt;</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Shifts the current unsigned 32-bit binary value in the display area, the specified number of places to the left. Click <guibutton>&lt;</guibutton>, then select the number of shift places from the popup menu. The number can be shifted up to 15 places left. </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>111 <guibutton>&lt;</guibutton> <guilabel>1 place</guilabel></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1110</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Right Shift <replaceable>n</replaceable></para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>&gt;</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Shifts the current unsigned 32-bit binary value in the display area, the specified number of places to the right. Click <guibutton>&gt;</guibutton>, then select the number of shift places from the popup menu. The number can be shifted up to 15 places right.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>1011 <guibutton>&gt;</guibutton> <guilabel>1 place</guilabel></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>101</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Вычислить 16-битовое беззнаковое целое</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>&amp;16</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Truncates the current value in the display area and returns a 16-bit unsigned integer.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>FFFFF <guibutton>&amp;16</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>FFFF</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Вычислить 16-битовое беззнаковое целое</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>&amp;32</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Truncates the current value in the display area and returns a 32-bit unsigned integer.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>FFFFFFFFFF <guibutton>&amp;32</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>FFFFFFFF</para></entry>
                           </row>
			 </tbody>
		  </tgroup>
		</table>
      <para>If you use keyboard shortcuts, you can use the keyboard to specify the number of places to shift, as shown in the following examples: </para>
      <informaltable frame="all">
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
          <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
          <colspec colname="COLSPEC1" colwidth="50*"/>
          <thead>
            <row valign="top">
              <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                <para>Keyboard Entry</para></entry>
              <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                <para>Описание</para></entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row valign="top">
              <entry><para><keycap>&lt;</keycap> <keycap>4</keycap></para></entry>
              <entry><para>Shifts the current binary value in the display area 4 places to the left.</para></entry>
            </row>
            <row valign="top">
              <entry><para><keycap>&gt;</keycap> <keycap>4</keycap></para></entry>
              <entry><para>Shifts the current binary value in the display area 4 places to the right.</para></entry>
            </row>
          </tbody> 
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>

    </sect3>
    <sect3 id="gcalctool-misc-calc"> 
      <title>To Perform Miscellaneous Scientific Calculations</title> 
      <para>To perform miscellaneous scientific calculations, use the buttons described in <xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-misc-calc"/>. </para>
                <table id="gcalctool-TBL-misc-calc" frame="all">
                  <title>Performing Miscellaneous Scientific Calculations</title> 
                  <tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC2" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC3" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC4" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Функция</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Кнопка</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                         <para>Описание</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC3">
                                         <para>Пример</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC4">
                                         <para>Результат</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                                                      <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>e to the <replaceable>x</replaceable> power</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para>e<superscript><replaceable>x</replaceable></superscript></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the value of <literal>e</literal> raised to the power of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>2 e<superscript><replaceable>x</replaceable></superscript></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>7,39</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>10 to the <replaceable>x</replaceable> power</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para>10<superscript><replaceable>x</replaceable></superscript></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the value of 10 raised to the power of the current value in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>2 10<superscript><replaceable>x</replaceable></superscript></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>100</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>x to the <replaceable>y</replaceable> power</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><replaceable>x</replaceable><superscript><replaceable>y</replaceable></superscript></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Raises the current value in the display area to the power of the next value that you enter.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>2 <replaceable>x</replaceable><superscript><replaceable>y</replaceable></superscript> <guibutton>4</guibutton> <guibutton>=</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>16</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><replaceable>x</replaceable> Factorial</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton><replaceable>x</replaceable>!</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculates the factorial of the current value in the display area. <replaceable>x</replaceable> factorial is <replaceable>x</replaceable>*(<replaceable>x</replaceable>-1)*(<replaceable>x</replaceable>-2)...*1. This function applies only to positive integers.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>4 <guibutton><replaceable>x</replaceable>!</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>24</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Modulus Division</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>mod</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Divides the current integer value in the display area by the next integer number that you enter, displaying the remainder.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>15 <guibutton>Mod</guibutton> <guibutton>4</guibutton> <guibutton>=</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>3</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Random Number Generator</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>rand</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Generates a random number in the range 0.0 to 1.0 then displays the random number in the display area.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>rand</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>0,14</para></entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para>Шестнадцатеричные цифры</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>A</guibutton> to <guibutton>F</guibutton> inclusive</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Эти цифры доступны только при работе в шестнадцатеричной системе счисления.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>B</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>B</para></entry>
                           </row>
			 </tbody>
		  </tgroup>
		</table>
    </sect3>
    </sect2> 
<!-- ============= Undo and Redo ======================== -->
  <sect2 id="gcalctool-undo-redo">
    <title>To Undo and Redo</title>
                <para>To undo your previous action, choose
                  <menuchoice>
                         <guimenu>Edit</guimenu>
                         <guimenuitem>Undo</guimenuitem>
                  </menuchoice>.  You can undo up to 15 past actions.</para>
                <para>If you want to redo an action you just undo'ed, choose
                  <menuchoice>
                         <guimenu>Edit</guimenu>
                         <guimenuitem>Redo</guimenuitem>
                  </menuchoice>. You can redo up to 15 undo'ed actions.</para>
  </sect2>
<!-- ============= Quitting ============================= -->
  <sect2 id="gcalctool-quit"> 
    <title>Для выхода</title> 
                <para>To quit <application>gcalctool</application>, choose
                  <menuchoice>
                         <guimenu>Calculator</guimenu>
                         <guimenuitem>Quit</guimenuitem>
                  </menuchoice>.  </para>
                <para>When you quit <application>gcalctool</application>, the current values of the following settings are stored and automatically applied the next time you start <application>gcalctool</application>: </para>
                  <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem><para>Mode: <link linkend="gcalctool-basic-mode">Basic</link>,  <link linkend="gcalctool-advanced-mode">Advanced</link>, <link linkend="gcalctool-financial-mode">Financial</link>, or <link linkend="gcalctool-scientific-mode">Scientific</link></para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para><link linkend="gcalctool-set-acc">Точность</link></para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para><link linkend="gcalctool-mem-reg">Memory Registers window</link> displayed or not displayed, plus the contents of each memory register</para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para><link linkend="gcalctool-num-base">Основание счисления</link></para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para><link linkend="gcalctool-display-type">Display type</link></para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para><link linkend="gcalctool-trig-type">Trigonometric type</link></para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para><link linkend="gcalctool-set-acc">Show Trailing Zeroes</link></para></listitem>
                    <listitem><para><link linkend="gcalctool-calc-functions-separator">Show Thousands Separator</link></para></listitem>
                  </itemizedlist>
  </sect2>
  </sect1>
<!-- ============= Technical Information ============================= -->
  <sect1 id="gcalctool-tech-info">
         <title>Technical Information</title>

            <sect2 id="gcalctool-manage-order">
                <title>Порядок вычисления</title>
	<para>По умолчанию, вычисления выполняются с учётом приоритета. Т.е. учитывается приоритет арифметических операций и результат вычисляется только когда вы щёлкните на <guibutton>Enter</guibutton>.</para>
	<para>В следующем примере результат вычисления равен 22, потому что оператор умножения <literal>*</literal> имеет более высокий приоритет, чем оператор сложения <literal>+</literal>.</para>

	<screen><literal>4 + 3 * 6 = 22</literal></screen>

	<para>Если вы не хотите чтобы вычисления выполнялись с учётом приоритета, выберите <menuchoice><guimenu>Вид</guimenu><guimenuitem>Операции слева направо</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
	<para>Если вы не применили приоритет к арифметическим операциям, результат вычисления в этом примере будет равен 42, потому что вычисления выполняются слева направо.</para>
         </sect2> 

         <sect2 id="gcalctool-recognize-error">
                <title>Error Conditions</title>
                <para>If you perform an invalid calculation, <application>gcalctool</application> indicates the error condition as follows:
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>Displays the word <literal>Error</literal> in the display area.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Displays an error message in the status bar.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Makes all calculator buttons unavailable, except <guibutton>Clr</guibutton>.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Makes all calculator options unavailable.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Makes all calculator menu items unavailable, except <menuchoice><guimenu>Calculator</guimenu><guimenuitem>Quit</guimenuitem></menuchoice> and <menuchoice><guimenu>Help</guimenu><guimenuitem>Contents</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
<para>To clear the error condition, click <guibutton>Clr</guibutton> or press <keycombo><keycap>Shift</keycap><keycap>Delete</keycap></keycombo>.</para>
         </sect2>

         <sect2 id="gcalctool-change-modes">
                <title>Переход между режимами</title>
                <para>If the user tries to change modes when a partial
calculation is being displayed, a warning dialog is displayed, telling
the user that the current calculation will be cleared, and the base will 
be reset to decimal.</para>
                <para>There is a checkbox present, that if checked, prevents the dialog from being shown again.</para>
                <para>If the user presses the <guibutton>Cancel</guibutton> button, the change mode operation is cancelled. If the user presses the <guibutton>Change Mode</guibutton> button, the mode is changed and has the following side-effects:
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>Clears the display.</para></listitem>
   <listitem><para>Sets the base to decimal.</para></listitem>
   <listitem><para>Sets the numeric display to fixed.</para></listitem>
   <listitem><para>Sets the accuracy to nine places after the numeric point.</para></listitem>
   <listitem><para>Clears the display of the thousands separator.</para></listitem>
   <listitem><para>Clears the display of trailing zeroes after the numeric point.</para></listitem>
   <listitem><para>Dismisses the register window if the new mode is Basic.</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
         </sect2>

         <sect2 id="gcalctool-changing-display-area">
                <title>Changing The Display Area</title>
                <para>In arithmetic precedence mode, it is possible
to use the mouse to click on the display area and edit 
it.</para>
                <para>All the normal keyboard shortcuts will work, plus
the addition of:
<itemizedlist>
    <listitem><para><keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Delete</keycap></keycombo> which will delete the character to the right of the text cursor</para></listitem>
    <listitem><para><keycap>Home</keycap> which moves the text cursor to the beginning of the display area</para></listitem> 
    <listitem><para><keycap>End</keycap> which moves the text cursor to the end of the display area</para></listitem> 
</itemizedlist>
</para>
         </sect2>

  </sect1>
<!-- ============= Keyboard Shortcuts ============================= -->
  <sect1 id="gcalctool-keyboard-shortcut"> 
    <title>Quick Reference: Keyboard Shortcuts</title> 
                <para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-keyboard-shortcut-button"/>, <xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-keyboard-shortcut-sci-options"/>, and <xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-keyboard-shortcut-menu"/> provide a quick reference for all of the <application>gcalctool</application> keyboard shortcuts.</para>
                <para>When you use the keyboard shortcut for any of the calculator
                      buttons that have a menu associated with them, that menu is displayed.
                      You can then use the arrow keys to select a menu item or the menu item's shortcut.</para>
                <table id="gcalctool-TBL-keyboard-shortcut-button" frame="all">
                  <title>Quick Reference for Keyboard Shortcuts of <application>gcalctool</application> Buttons</title> 
                  <tgroup cols="4" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC2" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC3" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Keyboard Shortcut</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Кнопка</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                         <para>Функция</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC3">
                                         <para>See</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>0</keycap> to <keycap>9</keycap> inclusive</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>от <guibutton>0</guibutton> до <guibutton>9</guibutton> включительно</para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Цифры</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-simple-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>A</keycap> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>acc</guibutton> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Точность</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-set-acc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>a</keycap> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>A</guibutton> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Hexadecimal numerals</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-misc-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>b</keycap> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>B</guibutton> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Hexadecimal numerals</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-misc-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>C</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>+/-</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Изменение знака</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-adv-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>c</keycap> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>C</guibutton> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Hexadecimal numerals</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-misc-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>D</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>ddb</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Отброс двойного остатка</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-financial-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>d</keycap> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>D</guibutton> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Hexadecimal numerals</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-misc-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>E</keycap> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>e</guibutton> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Exponential</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-enter-exp"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>Число e</keycap> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>E</guibutton> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Hexadecimal numerals</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-misc-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>F</keycap> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>f(x)</guibutton> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Функция</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-edit-func"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>f</keycap> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>F</guibutton> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Hexadecimal numerals</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-misc-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>G</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Log</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Common logarithm</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-logs-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>i</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>int</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Целая часть</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-adv-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>J</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>cos</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Cosine</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-trig-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>K</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>sin</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Sine</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-trig-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>L</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>tg</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>tg</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-trig-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>l</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>sln</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Линейная амортизация</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-financial-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>M</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>mod</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Modulus Division</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-misc-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>m</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>ctrm</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Составное выражение</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-financial-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>N</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>ln</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Natural logarithm</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-logs-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>n</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Xnor</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Побитовое "ИЛИ-НЕ"</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-logic-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>P</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>pmt</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Периодическая оплата</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-financial-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>p</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Pv</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Текущее значение</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-financial-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>П</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>П→X</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Retrieve value from memory register</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-mem-reg"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>r</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>1/<replaceable>x</replaceable></guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Обратная величина</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-adv-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>S</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>X→П</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Store value in memory register</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-mem-reg"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>s</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Sqrt</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Квадратный корень</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-adv-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>T</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>rate</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Периодическая процентная ставка</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-financial-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>t</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>term</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Период оплаты</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-financial-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>u</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>|x|</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Модуль</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-adv-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>v</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>fv</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Будущее значение</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-financial-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>X</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>П↔X</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Exchange memory register value and displayed value</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-mem-reg"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>Y</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>syd</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Sum-of-the-years'-digits depreciation</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-financial-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>^</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><replaceable>x</replaceable><superscript><replaceable>y</replaceable></superscript></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>x to the <replaceable>y</replaceable> power</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-misc-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>!</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton><replaceable>x</replaceable>!</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><replaceable>x</replaceable> factorial</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-misc-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>#</keycap> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>const</guibutton> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Constant value</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-edit-const"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>%</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>%</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Процент</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-adv-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>&amp;</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>And</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Побитовое "И"</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-logic-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>(</keycap> and <keycap>)</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>(</guibutton> and <guibutton>)</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Parentheses</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-misc-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>*</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>*</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Умножение</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-simple-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>+</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>+</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Сложение</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-simple-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>-</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>-</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Вычитание</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-simple-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>.</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>.</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Десятичная точка</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-simple-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>/</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>/</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Деление</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-simple-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>:</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>frac</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Дробная часть</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-adv-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>&lt;</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>&lt;</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Left shift <replaceable>n</replaceable></para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-num-manip"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>=</keycap> or <keycap>Return</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>=</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Вычислить результат</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-simple-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>&gt;</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>&gt;</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Right shift <replaceable>n</replaceable></para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-num-manip"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>?</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>rand</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Random number generator</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-misc-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>@</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><replaceable>x</replaceable><superscript>2</superscript></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Квадрат</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-adv-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>[</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>&amp;32</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Вычислить 32-битовое беззнаковое целое</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-num-manip"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>]</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>&amp;16</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Вычислить 16-битовое беззнаковое целое</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-num-manip"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>x</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Xor</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Побитовое исключающее "ИЛИ"</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-logic-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>{</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>e<superscript><replaceable>x</replaceable></superscript></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>e to the <replaceable>x</replaceable> power</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-misc-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>|</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Or</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Побитовое "ИЛИ"</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-logic-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>}</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>10<superscript><replaceable>x</replaceable></superscript></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>10 to the <replaceable>x</replaceable> power</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-misc-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>~</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>Not</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Побитовое отрицание</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-logic-calc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>Стереть</keycap></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>←</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Стереть</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-erase-char"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycap>Esc</keycap> or </para>
                                    <para><keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Стереть</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>CE</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Очистить поле ввода</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-erase-char"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Сдвиг влево</keycap><keycap>Delete</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guibutton>C</guibutton></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Clear</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-erase-char"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
			 </tbody>
		  </tgroup>
		</table>
                <table id="gcalctool-TBL-keyboard-shortcut-sci-options" frame="all">
                  <title>Quick Reference for Keyboard Shortcuts of <application>gcalctool</application> Scientific Mode Options</title> 
                  <tgroup cols="4" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC2" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC3" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Keyboard Shortcut</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Option</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                         <para>Функция</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC3">
                                         <para>See</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>a</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guilabel>Gradians</guilabel></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Set the trigonometric type to gradians.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-trig-type"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>b</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guilabel>Bin</guilabel></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Установить двоичную систему счисления.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-num-base"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>d</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guilabel>Dec</guilabel></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Установить десятичную систему счисления.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-num-base"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>f</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guilabel>Fix</guilabel></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Set the display type to fixed-point format.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-display-type"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>g</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guilabel>Degrees</guilabel></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Set the trigonometric type to degrees.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-trig-type"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>i</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guilabel>Inv</guilabel></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Select the inverse option for use with the trigonometric functions.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-trig-options"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>n</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guilabel>Eng</guilabel></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Set the display type to engineering format.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-display-type"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>o</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guilabel>Oct</guilabel></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Set the numeric base to octal.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-num-base"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>r</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guilabel>Radians</guilabel></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Set the trigonometric type to radians.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-trig-type"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>s</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guilabel>Sci</guilabel></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Set the display type to scientific format.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-display-type"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>x</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guilabel>Hex</guilabel></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Set the numeric base to hexadecimal.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-num-base"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>y</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para><guilabel>Hyp</guilabel></para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Select the hyperbolic option for use with the trigonometric functions.</para></entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-TBL-trig-options"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
			 </tbody>
		  </tgroup>
		</table>
                <table id="gcalctool-TBL-keyboard-shortcut-menu" frame="all">
                  <title>Quick Reference for Keyboard Shortcuts of <application>gcalctool</application> Menu Items</title> 
                  <tgroup cols="4" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC1"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC2" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <colspec colname="COLSPEC3" colwidth="50*"/>
                         <thead>
                                <row valign="top">
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC0">
                                         <para>Keyboard Shortcut</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC1">
                                         <para>Пункт меню</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC2">
                                         <para>Функция</para></entry>
                                  <entry colname="COLSPEC3">
                                         <para>See</para></entry>
                                </row>
                         </thead> 
                         <tbody> 
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>b</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para> <menuchoice> <guimenu>Вид</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Простой</guimenuitem> </menuchoice> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Перейти в простой режим</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-basic-mode"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>c</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para> <menuchoice> <guimenu>Правка</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Копировать</guimenuitem> </menuchoice> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Copy the current value in the display area to the clipboard</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-calc-functions"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Число e</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para> <menuchoice> <guimenu>Вид</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Show Bitcalculating Extension</guimenuitem> </menuchoice> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Display the bitcalculation extension</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-calc-bit-manipulation-ext"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>f</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para> <menuchoice> <guimenu>Вид</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Финансовый</guimenuitem> </menuchoice> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Перейти в финансовый режим</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-financial-mode"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>h</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para> <menuchoice> <guimenu>Справка</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Содержание</guimenuitem> </menuchoice> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Display the <application>gcalctool</application> online help </para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-intro"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>i</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para> <menuchoice> <guimenu>Правка</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Вставить ASCII значение</guimenuitem> </menuchoice> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Display the <guilabel>Insert ASCII Value</guilabel> dialog</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-ins-ascii"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>k</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para> <menuchoice> <guimenu>Вид</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Show Thousands Separator</guimenuitem> </menuchoice> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Показать разделитель тысяч</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-calc-functions-separator"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>l</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para> <menuchoice> <guimenu>Вид</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Left-to-right Precedence</guimenuitem> </menuchoice> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para> Calculate results using left-to-right precedence</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-manage-order"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>m</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para> <menuchoice> <guimenu>Вид</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Ячейки памяти</guimenuitem> </menuchoice> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Display the <guilabel>Memory Registers</guilabel> window</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-mem-reg"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>q</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para> <menuchoice> <guimenu>Калькулятор</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Выйти</guimenuitem> </menuchoice> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Выйти из приложения  <application>gcalctool</application></para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-quit"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>r</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para> <menuchoice> <guimenu>Вид</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Arithmetic Precedence</guimenuitem> </menuchoice> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Calculate results using arithmetic precedence</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-manage-order"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>s</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para> <menuchoice> <guimenu>Вид</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Научный</guimenuitem> </menuchoice> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Перейти в научный режим</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-scientific-mode"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>t</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para> <menuchoice> <guimenu>Вид</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Show Trailing Zeroes</guimenuitem> </menuchoice> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Показать незначащие нули после запятой</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-set-acc"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>v</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para> <menuchoice> <guimenu>Правка</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Вставить</guimenuitem> </menuchoice> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Вставить значение из буфера обмена в область отображения</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-calc-functions"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>z</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para> <menuchoice> <guimenu>Правка</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Отменить</guimenuitem> </menuchoice> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Отменить предыдущее действие</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-undo-redo"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
                           <row valign="top">
                             <entry><para><keycombo><keycap>Сдвиг влево</keycap><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>z</keycap></keycombo></para></entry>
                             <entry><para> <menuchoice> <guimenu>Правка</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Вернуть</guimenuitem> </menuchoice> </para></entry>
                             <entry><para>Вернуть отменённое действие</para> </entry>
                             <entry><para><xref linkend="gcalctool-undo-redo"/></para> </entry>
                           </row>
			 </tbody>
		  </tgroup>
		</table>
  </sect1>
</article>
